Innovative STEM-Excel Integration to Foster Students' Mathematical Representation Skills ?

Zulfadli Zulfadli(1), Evendi Evendi(2), Ibnu Khaldun(3), Taufik Taufik(4), Putri Nabilah(5),

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46843/jpm.v5i2.767


(1) Science Education Study Program, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
(2) Department of Physics Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
(3) Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
(4) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
(5) Prince of Songkla University, Thailand

Abstract

Mathematical representation ability (MRA) is essential to mathematics learning, yet many high school students struggle with topics such as quadratic equations and functions. This study aims to develop and evaluate an Excel spreadsheet–based learning media integrated with a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) approach to enhance students' MRA. Using the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), the media was tested on 32 tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Samalanga. Data were collected through expert validation, teacher and student questionnaires, and pretest-posttest MRA instruments. The results showed that the media achieved high validity (89.25%), was rated very practical by teachers (83.2%) and students (87.3%), and significantly improved students' MRA, with an N-Gain score of 0.75 (high category). Thus, the Excel-STEM learning media is valid, practical, and effective in improving students' mathematical representation skills. This study contributes to the field of educational technology by offering a low-cost, accessible, and pedagogically sound digital tool that integrates STEM principles into mathematics instruction, supporting the development of representational fluency in secondary education.

Keywords

ADDIE Model; Excel Spreadsheet; Mathematical Representation Ability; Quadratic Equations; STEM Education

Full Text:

PDF

References

Ahzari, S., & Asrizal, A. (2023). Developing STEM-Integrated Interactive Multimedia to Improve Students' Data Literacy and Technology Literacy. Jurnal Eksakta Pendidikan (JEP), 7(1).

Aloizou, V., Linardatou, S., Boloudakis, M., & Retalis, S. (2024). Integrating a Movement-Based Learning Platform as Core Curriculum Tool in Kindergarten Classrooms. British Journal of Educational Technology, 56, 339–365.

Amalia, J., & Achadi, M. (2023). Analisis Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Materi PAI pada Kelas 10 SMK Negeri 1 Depok Yogyakarta. Nusantara: Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 3(1).

Azmi, C., Hadiyanto, H., & Rusdinal, R. (2023). National Curriculum Education Policy "Curriculum Merdeka and Its Implementation". International Journal of Educational Dynamics, 6(1).

Basic, A., Arsic, B., Gajic, A., Parezanovic, R. Z., Macesic, D., & Petrovic, T. L. (2022). Creativity in Teaching Mathematics. Human Research in Rehabilitation, 12(2), 1–10.

Bernard, M., & Senjayawati, E. (2019). Developing the Students' Ability in Understanding Mathematics and Self-Confidence with VBA for Excel. Journal on Mathematics Education, 10(3), 325–336.

Cirneanu, A., & Moldoveanu, C. (2024). Use of Digital Technology in Integrated Mathematics Education. Applied System Innovation, 7(4).

Coletta, V. P., & Steinert, J. J. (2020). Why Normalized Gain Should Continue to Be Used in Analyzing Preinstruction to Postinstruction Scores on Concept Inventories. Physical Review Physics Education Research, 16(1).

Dahiana, W., Herman, T., Nurlaelah, E., & Pereira, J. (2023). Student Semiotic Representation Skills in Solving Mathematics Problems. Jurnal Didaktik Matematika, 10(1).

Danapong, W. (2025). Classification of Learning Outcomes in Knowledge, Skills, Ethics, and Characters Through the Application of Bloom's Taxonomy in Architectural Design Courses. Asian Creative Architecture, Art and Design.

Fathimah, L., Sofwan, M., Pratama, I., & Halimah, S. (2025). Transformasi Kurikulum Indonesia: Adaptasi Kebijakan Pendidikan di Era Globalisasi Melalui Kurikulum Merdeka dan Integrasi Deep Learning. Tarbiatuna: Journal of Islamic Education Studies, 5(2).

Felder, R. M., & Brent, R. (2024). Teaching and Learning STEM: A Practical Guide (2nd ed.). Jossey-Bass.

Ferguson, S., & Polojac-Chenoweth, D. L. (2024). Implementing Problem-Based Instruction in Secondary Mathematics Classrooms. Teachers College Press.

Goldin, G. A., & Stylianou, D. A. (2020). Problem Solving and Representations. In S. Llinares & A. Gorgorió (Eds.), Research on Mathematics Education in the Early Years (pp. 117–140). Springer.

Hasyari, W., Rosmery, L., & Siregar, N. (2025). Analisis Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Berdasarkan Self Efficacy Siswa pada Materi Fungsi Kuadrat. Jurnal Pendidik Indonesia, 6(2).

Hulwani, L. N., Sari, D. P., & Lestari, U. (2021). Pengembangan Media Interaktif Android Matematika dengan Pendekatan STEM pada Materi Trigonometri. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika, 9(2).

Iroriteraye-Adjekpovu, J., & Nwabuaku, L. (2024). A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Traditional and Computer-Assisted Instruction Methods in Determining Students' Achievement on Graph Plotting. European Journal of Contemporary Education and E-Learning, 2(1).

Khairiyah, S. P. N. (2019). Pendekatan Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). Spasi Media.

Maass, K., Geiger, V., Ariza, M. R., & Gojdka, M. (2019). The Role of Mathematics in Interdisciplinary STEM Education. ZDM Mathematics Education, 51, 869–884.

Magdalena, I., Elyipuspita, M., & Irmawati, N. (2023). Analisis Proses Pembuatan Tujuan Pembelajaran Berdasarkan Capaian Pembelajaran pada Siswa Kelas IV SDN Pondok Jengkol. MASALIQ, 3(3).

Mainali, B. (2020). Representation in Teaching and Learning Mathematics. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 9, 1–21.

McCulloch, A. W., & Lovett, J. N. (2023). Exploring Math with Technology: Practices for Secondary Math Teachers. Routledge.

Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: A Framework for Teacher Knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017–1054.

Mosese, N., & Ogbonnaya, U. (2021). GeoGebra and Students' Learning Achievement in Trigonometric Functions Graphs Representations and Interpretations. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 16.

Nikat, R. F., Loupatty, M., & Zahroh, S. H. (2021). Kajian Pendekatan Multirepresentasi dalam Konteks Pembelajaran Fisika. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Fisika, 1(2), 45–53.

Novitasari, P., Usodo, B., & Fitriana, L. (2021). Visual, Symbolic, and Verbal Mathematics Representation Abilities in Junior High School's Students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1808.

OECD. (2022). PISA 2022 Results (Volume I): The State of Learning and Equity in Education. OECD Publishing.

Onwukwe, C., Ogbuokiri, O., Ibemere, L., & Iweha, C. (2025). Enhancing Structural Design Education with Excel. African Journal of Humanities and Contemporary Education Research.

Puspita, M. D. I., Zahro, M. A., Mulyaningsih, W., & Helmi, M. (2025). Training on Creating Functions Using GeoGebra at SMAN 5 Jember. Jurnal Inovasi Sains dan Teknologi untuk Masyarakat, 3(1).

Putra, F., Lengkana, D., Sutiarso, S., Nurhanurawati, N., Saregar, A., Diani, R., Widyawati, S., Suparman, S., Imama, K., & Umam, R. (2023). Mathematical Representation: A Bibliometric Mapping of the Research Literature (2013–2022). Infinity Journal, 13(1), 1–26.

Putri, L., Dwiningrum, S., Retnawati, H., Begimbetova, G., & Salem, S. (2025). How Is the Impact of Applying Contextual Approach in Mathematics Learning? Attadrib: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, 8(1).

Rahmawati, A., Sa’dijah, C., & Sudirman, S. (2025). Exploring High School Students' Mathematical Representation Abilities: Translation from Verbal to Symbolic Using Higher-Order Thinking Skills. TEM Journal, 14(3).

Rebollo, J., & De Oliveira, J. (2023). Teachers' Evaluation of the Usability of a Self-Assessment Tool for Mobile Learning Integration in the Classroom. Education Sciences, 14(1).

Rif’at, M., Sudiansyah, S., & Imama, K. (2024). Role of Visual Abilities in Mathematics Learning: An Analysis of Conceptual Representation. Al-Jabar: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 15(1).

Ronel, D., Puspita, H., & Mulyadi, M. (2025). Learning Objectives in Lesson Plans Based on Kurikulum Merdeka Designed by PPG Students of Bengkulu University. Journal of English Education and Teaching, 9(1), 241–258.

Rapi, N. K., Suastra, I. W., Widiarini, P., & Widiana, I. W. (2022). The influence of flipped classroom-based project assessment on concept understanding and critical thinking skills in physics learning. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 11(3), 351-362.

Santia, I., Purwanto, P., Sutawidjadja, A., Sudirman, S., & Subanji, S. (2019). Exploring Mathematical Representations in Solving Ill-Structured Problems: The Case of Quadratic Function. Journal on Mathematics Education, 10(3), 365–378.

Septian, A., Komalasari, G., & Rosjanuardi, R. (2023). The Effect of GeoGebra-Assisted Discovery Learning on Students' Mathematical Representation Ability. Infinity Journal, 12(1), 127–140.

Stylianou, D. A. (2010). Teachers' Conceptions of Representation in Middle School Mathematics. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 13(4), 325–343.

Umah, U., & Rahmawati, A. (2024). Challenges in Teaching Students to Plot Equations: Another Impact of Graphing Procedures. Jurnal Elemen, 10(3).

Utami, N., Sa'dijah, C., & Chandra, T. (2024). Students' Abilities in Mathematical Representation to Solve Mathematics Problems. AIP Conference Proceedings, 5.0215805.

Vlachogianni, P., & Tselios, N. (2021). Evaluasi Persepsi Kegunaan Teknologi Pendidikan Menggunakan Skala Kegunaan Sistem (SUS): Tinjauan Sistematis. Jurnal Penelitian Teknologi dalam Pendidikan, 54, 392–409.

Vlachogianni, P., & Tselios, N. (2023). Evaluasi Usabilitas yang Dirasakan dari Teknologi Pendidikan Menggunakan Kuesioner Usabilitas Sistem Pasca-Studi (PSSUQ): Tinjauan Sistematis. Sustainability, 15(17).

Wassie, Y. A., & Zergaw, A. G. (2019). Utilization of GeoGebra Software in Teaching and Learning Mathematics: A Review. International Journal of STEM Education, 6(1), 1–11.

Yuhasriati, Y., Johar, R., Khairunnisak, C., Rohaizati, U., Jupri, A., & Zubaidah, T. (2022). Students Mathematical Representation Ability in Learning Algebraic Expression Using Realistic Mathematics Education. Jurnal Didaktik Matematika, 9(1).

Zengin, Y. (2017). The Effects of GeoGebra Software on Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers' Attitudes and Views Toward Proof and Proving. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 48(7), 1005–1022.

Zulnaidi, H., Oktavika, E., & Hidayat, R. (2019). Effect of Use of GeoGebra on Achievement of High School Mathematics Students. Education and Information Technologies, 25, 51–72.

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.